Insects may have complex immunity

Behavioral Immunity in Insects

Parasites can dramatically reduce the fitness of their hosts, and natural selection should favor defense mechanisms that can protect hosts against disease. Much work has focused on understanding genetic and physiological immunity against parasites, but hosts can also use behaviors to avoid infection, reduce parasite growth or alleviate disease symptoms. It is increasingly recognized that such b...

interleukin-7 in patients with chronic hepatitis b may have effect on t follicular helper cells and specific cellular immunity

conclusions this study suggests that the il-7 level of chb patients may be related to tfh cells. in chb patients, il-7 possibly increases the level of tfh cells and hbv-specific cellular immune responses and thereby reduces the hbv dna level. background in patients with chronic hepatitis b (chb), the relation of interkeukin-7 (il-7) to either the t follicular helper cells (tfh cells) or to a sp...

Reproduction-Immunity Trade-Offs in Insects.

Immune defense and reproduction are physiologically and energetically demanding processes and have been observed to trade off in a diversity of female insects. Increased reproductive effort results in reduced immunity, and reciprocally, infection and activation of the immune system reduce reproductive output. This trade-off can manifest at the physiological level (within an individual) and at t...

Immunity of Certain Insects to Selenium Poisoning.

the males. One of these had received tissue from another male and the other from a female. The sex of the donor, therefore, has no particular bearing on the success of non-sibling homotransplants. The sex of the recipient seems to be significant, since over 71 per cent. of the females regenerated homotransplants, whereas only 20 per cent. of the males did so. Successful homotransplantation of a...

raloxifene may have further benefits in women on hemodialysis